Shortly after Mao Zedong’s Communists triumphed over the Chinese Nationalist government in 1949, the Foreign Correspondents’ Club (FCC), founded six years before in the southwestern city of Chongqing, decided it needed to relocate. It found a new home in a place that—boasting stability, the rule of law, and a guarantee of civil liberties—was very friendly to the international media: Hong Kong. Most China-based media bureaus soon followed suit. For almost the next seven decades, the FCC expanded, without interference, as an institution that facilitated the work of journalists from around the world in Asia’s financial center and bastion of press freedom. Until now.
Earlier this month, Victor Mallet, a British national who serves as the Financial Times Asia news editor, was denied a renewal of his Hong Kong work visa without any explanation. As far as we are aware, this marks the first time that a member of the press has been expelled from the former British colony, whether before or after the territory’s handover to Chinese sovereignty in 1997. It tarnishes Hong Kong’s long-held reputation as a champion of freedom of expression.
As the FCC’s acting president, Mallet chaired a talk on Aug. 14 by Andy Chan, founder of the pro-independence Hong Kong National Party (HKNP). The local government, acting on pressure from Beijing, was moving to dissolve the HKNP at the time, because Hong Kong separatism is a highly sensitive issue—identified by President Xi Jinping as a “red line” that must not be crossed.
The Chinese Foreign Ministry attempted to persuade the FCC to cancel the event, but Mallet adamantly stood his ground. “Hosting such event does not mean that we at the FCC either endorse or oppose the views of our speakers,” he said in his opening remarks, arguing that it was the “professional responsibility” of journalists “to hear the views of different sides in any debate.”
When pressed by reporters on Mallet’s dismissal, Hong Kong’s leader, Chief Executive Carrie Lam stated that the local Immigration Department called the shots and did not discuss individual cases. She dismissed as “pure speculation” any link between Mallet’s expulsion and his chairing of Chan’s talk. But make no mistake: banishing Mallet is Beijing’s payback for precisely that. It is part of Xi Jinping’s ongoing crackdown on separatism, be it in Hong Kong, Tibet or the western region of Xinjiang, where up to a million Muslim Uighurs have been arbitrarily detained. That both Mallet and the Financial Times don’t support Hong Kong independence is deemed irrelevant. Jeremy Hunt, the British Foreign Secretary, rightly concluded that this was a “politically motivated” move and urged a reconsideration.
Revoking a work visa is a common punishment Beijing imposes on journalists who have infuriated the regime by writing politically sensitive stories. The China bureau chief for Buzzfeed News, Megha Rajagopalan, was booted this summer following her award-winning coverage on the disturbing mass incarceration of Uighurs, in conditions similar to the 2015 ouster of Ursula Gauthier, a French reporter for L’Obs. Such a censorship tactic “has extended to Hong Kong,” Sen. Marco Rubio observed last week—with reference to Mallet—at a press conference to release the Congressional-Executive Commission on China’s 2018 report, which highlights the latest deterioration of Hong Kong’s press freedom.
When Chris Buckley of the New York Times was forced out of Beijing back in 2012—in retaliation for the paper’s damning investigation into the wealth of top Chinese leaders—he and his family went south to Hong Kong. Likewise, having been removed from China four years ago, Buckley’s colleague (and former TIME writer) Austin Ramzy, is now based in Hong Kong. The former British colony has traditionally been a safe haven for journalists expelled from China, which makes it all the more ironic and depressing now that it’s beginning to expel journalists at the Chinese government’s behest.
Mallet’s expulsion is thus a big deal, and comes at a time when headlines announce China’s increasing micromanagement of the territory’s affairs on an almost daily basis. On Sept. 24, a month after Chan had delivered his speech at the FCC, his party was officially outlawed on “national security” grounds. Last Wednesday, Chief Executive Lam unveiled in her annual policy address yet another tremendously unpopular Beijing-backed infrastructure enterprise: a 4,200-acre project to build artificial islands, at the whopping cost of $63 billion, that many feel is designed to blur the boundary between China and Hong Kong.
Just two days later, on Oct. 12, the Lam administration barred Lau Siu-lai, a pro-democracy opposition politician, from standing in upcoming legislative by-elections. First elected in the summer of 2016, Lau, at her inauguration, read her oath of office extremely slowly as a gesture of protest at the unrepresentative nature of Hong Kong ‘s political system, becoming one of six lawmakers sacked for similar stunts. Now she can’t run to retake her own seat because she is an advocate of self-determination for Hong Kong, which the local government considers in contravention of the constitution that all Hong Kong lawmakers are pledged to uphold. The same argument was used in January to rule against the candidacy of Agnes Chow from our party, even though neither Chow nor Lau—much less Mallet—have ever been part of the independence movement.
Every one of these recent instances that undermines autonomy in Hong Kong should alarm the global community, which has a responsibility to act. Hunt has already suggested that the Mallet case is a blatant violation of the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration—a binding international treaty that governed the transfer of Hong Kong’s sovereignty—and the government of Theresa May ought to hold Beijing accountable for its actions. Likewise, the U.S. Congress would do well to consider the earliest possible passage of the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act, a bipartisan piece of legislation that would show the world that despite President Donald Trump’s isolationist, “America First” rhetoric, Washington is still committed to upholding universal values.
